Main description:

There has been an explosion in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in urology. As surgicalsubspecialists,urologistswereslowtoembraceminimallyinvasivesurgery at its inception. However, in the last decade, the interest in MIS has grown ex- nentiallyinurology.Laparoscopicrenalproceduresarecommonplace,andmoreand more complex oncologic and reconstructive procedures are performed laparosc- ically. Much of this exponential growth has been due to the rapid dissemination ofrobotictechnology,speci?callyforprostatectomy.Soonafterward,roboticte- nology was applied to other complex lower tract oncologic and reconstructive procedures.Roboticassistancehasalsobeenappliedtouppertracturologicpro- duressuchaspyeloplastybutitsapplicationforpartialnephrectomyismorerecent. It has become apparent that robotic technology can serve as an interface between openandlaparoscopicsurgeryforthelaparoscopicallynaivesurgeon.Ithascertainly been shown to be so for prostatectomy, and whether the same pans out for partial nephrectomyisyettobeseen. As more experience is gained in MIS, more and more complex procedures are performedlaparoscopicallyandrobotically.Contrarytologicalexpectation,thein- denceofcomplicationshasindeedincreasedwithincreasingexperienceinMIS.
This ispurelyare?ectionofthecomplexityoftheproceduresperformedratherthans- gical ineptitude. Increased surgical experience and surgeon volume with a certain procedurecandecreaseperioperativemorbidity.Asinopensurgery,complications willbeeverpresentinthelaparoscopicmanagementofourpatientsandcannotbe eradicatedinallinstances.Theycan,however,beavoidedandmeasurescanbetaken to decrease their incidence. Much of this knowledge is gained purely from sur- calexperience.Certainclinicalscenariosandcomorbiditiespredisposethepatientto complications.Speci?ctosurgicaltechnique,certainmaneuversincreasethelike- hoodofintra-operativeandperioperativecomplicationsandincreasethelikelihood ofadverseoutcomes.Onthecontrary,certainprecautionsandmaneuverscanserve topreventcomplications. This textbook is intended to familiarize the modern urologist with the common andthemoreeccentriccomplicationsoflaparoscopicandroboticurologicsurgery. RecognizedurologicexpertsinMIShavecontributedtomakingthisthe?rstc- prehensive textbook speci?cally dedicated to complications in minimally invasive urologic surgery. The book is divided into three speci?c parts. In the ?rst part, medical and general considerations are discussed.
In the second part, generalized discussionofcommonsurgicalcomplicationsispresented.Complicationsspeci?cto roboticsurgeryingeneralareemphasizedinaseparateuniquechapter.Thethirdpart vii viii Preface is dedicated to procedure-speci?c complications. Complications of upper tract and lowertractlaparoscopicandroboticproceduresarediscussedindifferentsubsections. Inmostchapters,abriefdescriptionoftheprocedureisprovidedaswellasan- depthdiscussionofthediagnosisandmanagementofcomplicationsassociatedwith that particular procedure. In each chapter, a discussion of preventive measures is emphasized.Thelastsegmentinthissectiondealswithspecialtopicssuchassingle port surgery, ablative procedures, and pediatric laparoscopy. Finally, a compreh- sivechapteronmedico-legalimplicationsoflaparoscopicandrobotictechnologyis presented.

Contents:

Section 1: General and Medical Considerations:
Chapter 1: Physiology of Laparoscopy and Pneumoperitoneum.
Chapter 2: Anesthesia and Management of Anesthetic Complications of Laparoscopic Urological Surgery
Chapter 3: Metabolic and Renal Complications and Immunologic Implications of Laparoscopic Urologic Surgery
Chapter 4: Positional and Neuromuscular Complications of Laparoscopic and robotic Urologic Surgery.

Section 2: Surgical Complications:

Chapter 5: Vascular Complications of Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery
Chapter 6: Urinary and Urologic Complications of Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery
Chapter 7: Visceral and Gastrointestinal Complications of Laparoscopic Urologic Surgery.
Chapter 8: Complications of Robotic Assisted Laparoscopic urologic Surgery: Iatrogenic and Doulogenic

Section 3: Procedure Specific Complications
I. Complications of Upper Tract Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Procedures

Chapter 9: Complications of Laparoscopic and Robotic Adrenal Surgery
Chapter 10: Complications of Laparoscopic Radical Nephrectomy and
Nephroureterectomy
Chapter 11: Complications of Laparoscopic Donor Nephrectomy
Chapter 12: Complications of Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy
Chapter 13: Complications of Robotic Partial Nephrectomy
Chapter 14: Complications of Laparoscopic Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection
Chapter 15: Complications of Laparoscopic and Robotic Pyeloplasty
Chapter 16: Complications of Laparoscopic and Robotic Ureteral Reconstructive Surgery

II. Complications of Pelvic Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery
Chapter 17: Complications of Robotic Radical Prostatectomy
Chapter 18: Methods and maneuvers for improving functional outcomes during robotic radical
Prostatectomy
Chapter 19: Complications of Laparoscopic and Robotic-Assisted Radical Cystectomy

III: Special Considerations
Chapter 20: Complications of Laparoscopic and Robotic Reconstructive Procedures for Urinary Incontinence and Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Chapter 21: Complications of Single-port Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery

Chapter 22: Complications of Ablative Renal Procedures

Chapter 23: Complications of Laparoscopic and Robotic Pediatric Urologic Surgery

Chapter 24: Medicolegal Aspects of Minimally Invasive Urologic Surgery