Main description:

The purpose of this book is to bring together the latest findings on metabolic disorders that are strongly implicated in various critically ill patients. Since the beginning of the 20th century, maintaining the "milieu interieur" has been a major challenge for intensivists. In addition to considerable technological developments in intensive care units, important advances in our understanding of metabolic disorders observed in critically ill patients have been made during the 10 last years. Today, the intensivit can't ignore these disorders when selecting the most appropriate treatment for an illness. Cellular metabolic abnormalities are responsible for systems and organ failures, so the modern approach of organ dysfunctions now includes prevention or treatment of such disorders. This book is a comprehensive tool, allowing the physician to understand, diagnose and treat these metabolic disorders. Water, electrolyte, acid-base, glycemic and endocrinologic problems, as well as metabolic abnormalities observed in renal, cerebral and hepatic failure are presented in different chapters. The last part of the book is devoted to modern nutritional concepts, the consequences of energy modifications, mitochondrial dysfunction, hypothermia, oxidative stress and ischemia reperfusion, which open the way for new therapies.

Contents:

Section 1. Fluid and electrolytes disorders Chapter 1. Water and sodium balances

Chapter 2. Sodium disorders

Chapter 3. Potassium disorders

Chapter 4. Phosphate and calcium disorders

Section 2. Acid-base disorders

Chapter 5. Interpretation of acid-base disorders

Chapter 6. Acidosis : diagnosis and treatment

Chapter 7. Alkalosis : diagnosis and treatment

Chapter 8. Lactate : metabolism, physiopathology

Section 3. Kidney and metabolic disorders

Chapter 9. Metabolism et renal functions

Chapter 10. Extra-renal removal therapies in acute kidney injury

Chapter 11. Strategies for preventing acute kidney failure

Section 4. Brain and metabolic disorders

Chapter 12. Cerebral metabolism and function

Chapter 13. Cerebral ischemia: patholophysiology, diagnosis and treatment

Chapter 14. Evaluation of cerebral blood flow in the intensive care unit

Section 5. Endocrine disorders in intensive care unit

Chapter 15. Acute complications of diabetes

Chapter 16. Neuroendocrine dysfunction in the critically ill patients

Chapter 17. Hyperglycemia in intensive care unit

Section 6. Energetic metabolism, Nutrition.-

Chapter 18. Nutritional requirements in intensive care unit

Chapter 19. Pharmaconutrition in the critically ill patient

Chapter 20. Oxygen, oxidative stress

Chapter 21. Energetic metabolism : from the organ to the cell

Chapter 22. Ischemia-reperfusion concepts of myocardial preconditionning and postconditioning

Chapter 23. Targeted temperature management in severe brain injured patient