Main description:

The need for greater international collaboration is becoming increas. ingly clear. Practically every nation or people has, in addition to its own characteristics and history, its own medical tradition. Methods and ways of thinking that are successfully established in one place may not be accepted in another for some time. The medical tradition and training in different countries can take quite different forms. What would our present knowledge be - Without the creative, spontaneous ideas and contributions from the romance countries? - Without the opportunity of research, as it is practised on a large scale in the USA, where so many young Europeans took their first steps in experimental science? - Without the conscientious clinical work done in Central Europe and the valuable experience gained there? - Without, finally, the sober and critical scientific approach, as fostered in the cool heads of Northern Europe for generations? None of these qualities is sufficient without the others, but together they are a source of strength. Ultimately, we hope, through sensible con centration of efforts (while maintaining variety), to overcome the lack of an integrated approach in experimental science and to prevent repetition of painful mistakes. In this regard, the first two ESKA congresses have brought us great advances.

Contents:

Surgical Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Knee.- The Theory of Movement and the Modern Mode of Thought in Biology.- The Mechanics of the Knee in the Sagittal Plane.- The Evaluation of Ligamentous Knee Joint Instability in the Gait Laboratory.- Two-Bundle Ligamentoplasty in Anterior Laxities of the Knee.- Technique and Model of Rehabilitation in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair of the Knee: A Review of 175 Cases.- Functional Rehabilitation in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (4 -7-Year Results).- Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Anteroposterolateral Femorotibial Structures in the Iliotibial Band System.- Mechanoreceptors of Some Anatomical Structures of the Human Knee.- The Function of Hamstrings: A Pathogenic Hypothesis of Femoropatellar Osteoarthritis.- Anatomy of the Popliteus Muscle and Posterolateral Structures.- Femoropatellar Pathology and Rotational and Torsional Abnormalities of the Inferior Limbs: The Use of CT Scan.- Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Anterior Instability.- Grading the Pivot Shift: An Objective System with Treatment Implications.- The Jerk Test in External Rotation in Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Deficient Knees.- Translation and Rotation in Knee Instability: A Prospective Stress Radiographic Analysis with the Knee in Extension.- The Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of the "Active Radiologic Lachman".- Measure of Laxities by Stress Radiography and by KT 1000 Arthrometer.- Stress Radiographie Comparison of Drawer Symptoms Measured in 901/2 Versus 151/2 of Knee Flexion (the Lachman Position).- Unrecognized Abnormal Osseous Metabolic Activity about the Knee of Patients with Symptomatic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency.- Stresses Applied to the Knee in Meniscal and Ligamentous Disorders - A Study of the Medial Tibiofemoral Joint.- Instability of the Anterior Cruciate Deficient Knee.- The Reliability of the Genucom Knee Analysis System.- Isolated Tears of the Medial Collateral Ligament of the Knee Operative or Conservative Treatment?.- Early Mobilization of Isolated Partial Ruptures of the Medial Collateral Ligament: A Randomized Comparison of Bracing and Elastic Wrapping.- Congenital Absence of Cruciate Ligaments: Clinical, Radiological and Arthroscopic Aspects.- Surgical Versus Non-surgical Treatment of Knee Ligament Injuries.- Evaluation of Knee Ligament Injuries.- Comparative Results of 163 Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Managed by Repair/Reinsertion, Primary Augmentation, or Reconstruction.- The Anterior Cruciate Deficient Knee Treated by a Modified Marshall-Macintosh Repair.- Substitution of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Using the Torn Meniscus.- Recent Rupture of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Clinical Results of Treatment by Reinsertion and Allogenic Augmentation.- Autogenic Versus Polylactate-Coated Carbon-Fiber Augmentation in Anterior Cruciate Reconstruction.- ACL Reconstruction Procedure with Autogenous Graft under Arthroscopic Control.- Treatment for Anterior Cruciate Ligaments Insufficiency and Combined Meniscus Injuries in Athletes.- Late Results after Primary Repair of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears.- Five to Ten-Year Follow-up after Primary Suture of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears.- Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair Combined with Tibial Valgisation Osteotomy in Medial Osteoarthritis with Insufficient Anterior Cruciate Ligament.- The Natural History of ACL Ruptures.- A Comparative Analysis of Four Prosthetic Anterior Cruciate Ligaments in the Goat.- A Comparative Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of Four Prosthetic Anterior Cruciate Ligaments.- Mechanical and Biological Considerations in Prosthetic Cruciate Replacement.- Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using the Leeds Keio Terylene Ligament.- Reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Using a Ligament Prosthesis.- Reconstruction of the Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligaments of the Knee under Arthroscopy. First Results.- Short-Term Results in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with a Dacron Prosthesis.- Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in the Chronically Unstable Knee Using an Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Prosthetic Ligament.- The Use of Proflex in the Repair of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Lesions.- The Inherent Mechanical Properties of Allograft Fascia Lata.- Alternative Operative Procedure for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Replacement with a Composite Graft for Early Functional Treatment.- Technique, Complications, and Results of Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructions with Bioprosthetic Ligaments.- Synovitis after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Effusion: Confusion.- Posterior Cruciate Ligament and Posterior Instability.- Diagnosis of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Insufficiency. A Prospective Clinical and Stress Radiographical Analysis with the Knee in Extension.- Isometric Points of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament.- Posterior Instability of the Knee. Surgical Treatment, Rehabilitation and Results.- Treatment of Acute and Chronic Injuries of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament.- Experimental Investigations of Strees Production on the Cruciate Ligaments after Transpatellar Steinmann's Nail Fixation.- The Transpatellar Steinmann Pin as a Postoperative Safeguard after Reconstruction of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament or after Trillat's Operation.- Experiences with Reconstruction of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament Using a Free Graft of the Rectus Muscle Tendon Combined with a Patella Bone Graft.- Treatment of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: Long-Term Effects.- Surgical Stabilisation of Serious Posterior Instability of the Knee: A Preliminary Report on Personal Techniques.- Surgical Treatment of Chronic Posterolateral Laxity of the Knee: Procedure, Indications and Early Results.- Treatment of a Delayed, Nonreducible, Chronic Posterior Dislocation of the Tibia with Posterior Instability after Elsewhere Internal Fixation of a Femoral Shaft Fracture.- Arthroscopic Operations on the Meniscus.- Follow-up of More than 150 Meniscal Repairs up to 13 Years Postoperatively.- Meniscus Repair by Arthroscopy.- Combined Arthroscopic-Open Repair of Meniscal Injuries.- Electron Microscopical Observations on Sutured Meniscus Tears.- Four Years' Experience with Arthroscopic Meniscal Suture Where Are We?.- Surgical Repair of Chronic Meniscal Injury: Plastic Meniscus Surgery.- Arthroscopic Management of Degenerative Meniscal Tears in Patients Over 60.- Results of Posterior Horn Resection of the Medial Meniscus.- CO2 Laser Meniscectomy under Arthroscopy.- Results of Arthroscopic Knee Operations in Out-Patients Under Local Anaesthesia.- Pathological Examination of Meniscus Fragments: The Effect of Arthroscopic Excision.- Results of Partial Arthroscopic Meniscectomies in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficient Knees.- Arthroscopic Meniscectomie on Patients with Untreated Rupture of the Anterior Crucuiate Ligament.- Total Meniscectomy in Children: A Long-Term Follow-up Study.- Meniscectomy in Senior Citizens.- The Consequence of Meniscectomy in 147 Athletes: A 14. 5-Year (Median) Prospective Longitudinal Study.- Meniscus Reattachment or Allotransplantation? An Experimental Comparison on Sheep.- Meniscus Transplantation - Experimental Study, Clinical Report, Arthroscopic Findings.- Antiphlogistics Enhance Recovery after Arthroscopic Meniscectomy.- Problems on the Patella and Extensor Apparatus.- Classification of Cartilage Damage.- Quantitative Structural Analysis of Articular Cartilage: A Comparison of Weight-Bearing and Less-Weight-Bearing Areas in the Femoral Condyle of Young Adult Rabbits.- Comparative Morphological Examination of Experimental Patellar Dislocation.- Experimental Investigations into the Reaction of Articular Cartilage and Synovial Membrane to Microtraumatical Impulse Loading.- Electron Microscope Findings After Cartilage Shaving.- A New Method of Depiciting the Relationship between Patella and the Femur.- The Three-Dimensional Tracking Pattern of the Patella in the Human Knee Joint and the Effects of Surgical Interventions.- Epidemiology of Chondromalacia (CHM).- The Natural History of Anterior Knee Pain in Japanese Adolescents.- Patellofemoral Dysplasia.- Chondropathia Patellae - A 5-Year Follow-Up Study after Surgical Treatment.- Patella Realignment via Lateral Release: Results of Surgery and Subsequent Aetiological Investigation.- Longitudinal Osteotomy of the Patella after Morscher.- Patellectomy as a Salvage Procedure.- Patellectomy: Long-Term Results.- The Biomechanical Analysis of Chronic Patellar Tendinitis and Treatment with Eccentric Loading.- Jumper's Knee Ultrasonography.- Is Patellar Tendinitis a Surgical Affection?.- The Effect of Five Different Patella Braces on Performance and Pain in an Isokinetic Quadriceps Torque Test.- Degenerative Arthritis and Osteotomy.- Zed Osteotomy with Trapezoidal Resection in Internal Rotations of the Tibia and Secondary Static Arthrosis of the Knee.- Unicompartmental Replacement of the Knee: A Long-Term Study Comparing the Results with Tibial Osteotomy.- Knee Prosthesis.- Total Knee Replacement: The Gallannaugh Semi-Constrained Linked Prosthesis.- Ten Year's Experience with the Total Condylar Knee Prosthesis.- PCA Unicompartmental Knee Endoprosthesis.- Assessment of Results Following Total Knee Replacement: A Comparison of Systems.- Total Knee Replacement with Customized Prosthesis.- Knee Stability after Total Knee Replacement with the Biomet Prosthesis as Evaluated by Stress Radiography.- Unicompartmental Arthroplasty with the Oxford Meniscal Knee Prosthesis.- Micromotion of Uncemented Freeman-Samuelson Knee Prosthesis: A Roentgen Stereophotogrammetric Analysis.- Application of Bench-Mounted Saws for Precision Replacement Arthroplasty of the Arthritic Knee - The Questor Systems.- Incidence and Form of Knee Deformity Associated Osteoarthritis.- Arthroplasty of the Knee Joint with the PCA (Porous Coated Anatomic) Endoprosthesis.- The Anatomical Endoprosthesis System for the Knee Joint with Metal Spongiosa Surface Structures Allowing Biological Fixations.- The Alloarthroplasty of the Knee Combined with Bone Reconstruction.- Patellar Complications with the Total Condylar Posteriorly Stabilized Knee Prosthesis.- The Failure of a Semi-Constrained Total Knee Prosthesis.- Revision Arthroplasty Total-Knee Implants in Infected PCA.- Arthrodesis of the Knee After Infected Total Knee Prosthesis.- The Value of Cruciate Ligaments in an Unconstrained Knee Prosthesis.- Endoprosthetic Replacement of the Knee in Rheumatic Diseases.- Prosthetic Replacements of Joint Surfaces and the Influence on Activity and Evolution of Rheumatoid Disease.- Total Knee Arthroplasty in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Other Forms of Osteoarthritis.- Unconstrained Knee Replacement in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.- Our Experiences with Kinematic Total Knee Replacements.- Autologous and Homologous Bone Grafts in Fixation of Knee-Joint Prostheses.- Knee Arthroplasty with GSB and Engelbrecht's and Toennis' Sledge Prosthesis in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis.- Cementless Knee Arthroplasty in Rheumatoid Arthritis.- Condylar Anatomical Knee Joint Implants.- Innovations and Free Communications.- Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Knee: Normal and Pathological Imaging and Correlations with Arthroscopy.- Diagnosis of Ligamentous and Meniscal Lesions of the Knee Joint with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).- The Treatment of Hemophilie Knee Arthropathy and Inferior Limb Discrepancies by the "Dizarov" Method.- Antibiotic Absorption under Tourniquet.- Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Knee: Advantages of Arthroscopy.- Villous Lipomatous Proliferation of the Synovia (Lipoma Arboreseens).- Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Result of Different Pathomechanisms.- A Scientific Basis for Surgery in Rheumatoid Arthritis.- Arthroseopic Knee Synoveetomy.- Synovectomy Applied to Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases of the Knee under Arthroscopic Control.- Radical Versus Partial Synovectomy: Pathophysiological Considerations.- Rehabilitation after Knee Injuries - Importance of Pain Relief.- Recent Results on Post-traumatic Osteoarthrosis after Internal Fixation of Fractures of the Tibial Plateau.- Traumatic Loss of a Condyle of the Femur: Replacement by an Ipsilateral PateHar Graft.- Electron Microscopical Studies on Human Meniscal Tissue Preserved for Transplantation.- Ultrastructural Analysis of the Cruciate Ligaments and of Tissue Used for their Plastic Repair.- What is a Meniscal Insufficiency?.- Reconstruction of the Lateral Femoral Condyle with Homologous Bone Graft after a Third-Degree Compound Comminuted Fracture in Polytrauma after Motorcycle Accident.